Type
Text
Type
Dissertation
Advisor
Neiman, Aaron M | Goroff, Nancy | Smith, Steven O | London, Erwin | Sternglanz, Rolf.
Date
2013-12-01
Keywords
Genetics | Genetic redundancy, Lipid droplets, Solid state NMR, Spore wall, Sporulation, Yeast
Department
Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology.
Language
en_US
Source
This work is sponsored by the Stony Brook University Graduate School in compliance with the requirements for completion of degree.
Identifier
http://hdl.handle.net/11401/76921
Publisher
The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY.
Format
application/pdf
Abstract
In Saccharomycs cerevisiae, spores are a quiescent, stress-resistant cell type, which can survive for extended periods of time in unfavorable conditions until nutrient conditions are suitable. The outer layers of the spore wall contain chitosan and dityrosine, which are macromolecules specific for the spore. These layers are critical for resistance of the spores to adverse environmental stresses. The dityrosine layer is an unique polymer component of cross-linked N, N'-bisformyl dityrosine. This layer provides a shield from protein-sized attack such as lytic enzymes. For structural studies, we took advantage of the insolubility of the spore wall materials by using solid-state NMR to examine the components of the spore wall outer layers and the cross-linkage among these components. These studies identified a previously unknown component, which we term " Chi" . To reveal the proteins involved in dityrosine layer assembly, a synthetic genetic array approach was performed. The study uncovers a highly redundant genetic network, and also identifies new genes involved in outer spore wall formation. Several of the genes have paralogs in the yeast genome. Deletion of the paralog sets cause dityrosine layer defects. Taken together, we conclude that there are different levels of redundancy to regulate the synthesis of dityrosine layer. The first aspect of redundancy is the genes listed in the network, which may play parallel roles in the alternative pathways of dityrosine layer assembly. The other level of redundancy is the paralogs from the network, which may function on the same pathway of dityrosine layer synthesis. | 106 pages
Recommended Citation
Lin, Pei-Chen Coney, "Structure and Assembly of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Outer Spore Wall" (2013). Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions). 2794.
https://commons.library.stonybrook.edu/stony-brook-theses-and-dissertations-collection/2794