Type
Text
Type
Dissertation
Advisor
Ge, Jeffrey | Kao, Imin | Chang, Cindy | Sisto, Sue Ann.
Date
2016-12-01
Keywords
Arthrodesis, Football blocking forces, Inverse dynamics, Kinematics, Manipulability, Workspace | Biomechanics -- Mechanical engineering -- Biomedical engineering
Department
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Language
en_US
Source
This work is sponsored by the Stony Brook University Graduate School in compliance with the requirements for completion of degree.
Identifier
http://hdl.handle.net/11401/76419
Publisher
The Graduate School, Stony Brook University: Stony Brook, NY.
Format
application/pdf
Abstract
Modeling and analysis of human motion is important in rehabilitation and sports. To understand functional movements, dynamics of joints, power requirements, and athletic performance, kinematic and kinetic models have to be developed to implement and assess rehabilitation techniques that are applied to unimpaired individuals and patients with movement disorders. In addition, mechanical models are required to evaluate and quantify athletes’ skills and performance, in order to reduce the risk of potential injuries. For many years, many research efforts have been presented in the field of rehabilitation and movement performance. This dissertation presents research in mechanical modeling and analysis of human motion focusing on rehabilitation and prevention of sports injury. In particular, the analysis to determine appropriate arthrodesis angle for fingers, as well as the modeling to quantify upper limb joint forces and moments in American football players were investigated. Several aspects of simulated index finger proximal interphalangeal (PIP) arthrodesis were investigated. First, assessment of quantitative measures of workspace (WS) attributes under simulated PIP joint arthrodesis of the index finger was conducted. Seven healthy subjects were tested with the PIP joint unconstrained and constrained to selected angles. A model of the constrained finger was developed in order to address the impact of the inclusion of prescribed joint arthrodesis angles on WS attributes. A weighted criterion was formulated to define an optimal constraint angle among several system parameters. Experimental and theoretical modeling results are compared and presented. Secondly, the range of motion (ROM) of the joints and manipulabilities at three selected tip-pinch manipulation postures of the finger were studied experimentally under imposed PIP joint arthrodesis angles. A kinematic model of the index finger was used in experiments which involves three postures. Experimental results are presented. In addition, a general methodology to model the kinematics of a joint constrained finger was investigated. The impact of the inclusion of a specific joint constraint was investigated using two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) workspaces, as well as manipulability measures and ellipsoids. Next, analysis of the effect of simulated PIP joint arthrodesis on distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint free flexion-extension (FE) and maximal voluntary pinch forces was performed. Experiments were conducted using five healthy subjects with the PIP joint unconstrained and constrained to selected angles. Results are presented and discussed. The results of this research facilitate surgeons to determine the optimal fusion angle for joints of human fingers before the arthrodesis operation. Finally, an inverse dynamics model of the upper limb was developed to test an experimental protocol to measure upper limb joint forces and moments generated by American football players during simulated blocking. An experimenter with football experience volunteered for this study. The maximum blocking force was measured with a custom-built sled including five load cells. 3D motion and kinetics of the football player were measured during hitting of the blocking sled. Model results are presented and discussed. This research provides the understanding of dynamics of the upper limb in order to prevent sport injuries. | Modeling and analysis of human motion is important in rehabilitation and sports. To understand functional movements, dynamics of joints, power requirements, and athletic performance, kinematic and kinetic models have to be developed to implement and assess rehabilitation techniques that are applied to unimpaired individuals and patients with movement disorders. In addition, mechanical models are required to evaluate and quantify athletes’ skills and performance, in order to reduce the risk of potential injuries. For many years, many research efforts have been presented in the field of rehabilitation and movement performance. This dissertation presents research in mechanical modeling and analysis of human motion focusing on rehabilitation and prevention of sports injury. In particular, the analysis to determine appropriate arthrodesis angle for fingers, as well as the modeling to quantify upper limb joint forces and moments in American football players were investigated. Several aspects of simulated index finger proximal interphalangeal (PIP) arthrodesis were investigated. First, assessment of quantitative measures of workspace (WS) attributes under simulated PIP joint arthrodesis of the index finger was conducted. Seven healthy subjects were tested with the PIP joint unconstrained and constrained to selected angles. A model of the constrained finger was developed in order to address the impact of the inclusion of prescribed joint arthrodesis angles on WS attributes. A weighted criterion was formulated to define an optimal constraint angle among several system parameters. Experimental and theoretical modeling results are compared and presented. Secondly, the range of motion (ROM) of the joints and manipulabilities at three selected tip-pinch manipulation postures of the finger were studied experimentally under imposed PIP joint arthrodesis angles. A kinematic model of the index finger was used in experiments which involves three postures. Experimental results are presented. In addition, a general methodology to model the kinematics of a joint constrained finger was investigated. The impact of the inclusion of a specific joint constraint was investigated using two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) workspaces, as well as manipulability measures and ellipsoids. Next, analysis of the effect of simulated PIP joint arthrodesis on distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint free flexion-extension (FE) and maximal voluntary pinch forces was performed. Experiments were conducted using five healthy subjects with the PIP joint unconstrained and constrained to selected angles. Results are presented and discussed. The results of this research facilitate surgeons to determine the optimal fusion angle for joints of human fingers before the arthrodesis operation. Finally, an inverse dynamics model of the upper limb was developed to test an experimental protocol to measure upper limb joint forces and moments generated by American football players during simulated blocking. An experimenter with football experience volunteered for this study. The maximum blocking force was measured with a custom-built sled including five load cells. 3D motion and kinetics of the football player were measured during hitting of the blocking sled. Model results are presented and discussed. This research provides the understanding of dynamics of the upper limb in order to prevent sport injuries. | 155 pages
Recommended Citation
ARAUZ, PAUL GONZALO, "Mechanical Modeling and Analysis of Human Motion for Rehabilitation and Sports" (2016). Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions). 2342.
https://commons.library.stonybrook.edu/stony-brook-theses-and-dissertations-collection/2342